Genocid nad Bošnjacima je neosporna društvena i pravna Äinjenica. Najeksplicitnije to potvrÄ‘uju pravomoćne presude meÄ‘unarodnih sudova i Suda Bosne i Hercegovine. Analizirajući društveno-historijske uzroke genocida nad Bošnjacima dolazimo do spoznaje da se uzroci nalaze u društvenim, politiÄkim, historijskim, kulturnim, obrazovnim, nacionalnim i religijskim sadržajnostima izvanbosanskih društveno-politiÄkih i ideoloških identiteta. Jedan od najefikasnijih naÄina da se fetišizira i stereotipno predstavi istina o Bošnjacima i državi Bosni i Hercegovini i pripremi genocid nad Bošnjacima jeste putem legalnih obrazovnih politika i nastavnih programa. Bošnjacima se, ali i narodima i graÄ‘anima Bosne i Hercegovine, veoma aktivno i perfidno nameće zamka kulture pomirenja u vidu „kulture zaborava“. Neophodan je obrnut društveni proces. Njegovanje „kulture sjećanja“ kao kulture istine. Samo kultura sjećanja, kao kultura objektivne historijske istine, nauÄena u školskim klupama jeste zapreka produciranju stereotipa o državi Bosni i Hercegovini, njezinom kvintesencijalnom nacionalnom identitetu. Nerijetko se u, prije svega, školskoj lektiri, Bošnjaci predstavljaju kao narod „tuÄ‘e vjere i porijekla“. U radu autori analiziraju pitanja: Zašto u Bosni i Hercegovini nema institucionalno-obrazovnog izuÄavanja holokausta i genocida. Uloga bosanskohercegovaÄkih intelektualnih elita, posebno bošnjaÄke, u problematiziranju pitanja genocida, te zašto u srednjoškolskim i univerzitetskim udžbenicima u Bosni i Hercegovini nema naslova, lekcija i tema koje interpretiraju poÄinjeni genocid nad Bošnjacima 1992-1995. i ostale vidove ratnih zloÄina, kao što su: etniÄko ÄišÄ‡enje, sistematsko silovanje i ostali oblici ratnog zloÄina? Nastavni planovi i programi u NjemaÄkoj, SAD-u i drugim demokratskim državama neizostavno ukljuÄuju u svoje sadržaje istinu o holokaustu, što je posebno znakovito/signifikantno za sluÄaj njemaÄkog obrazovnog sistema. Zašto i zbog Äega nema tema o holokaustu i genocidu u obrazovnim programima u Bosni i Hercegovini? Da li je na djelu „skiveni nastavni plan“ pomoću kojeg se Bošnjacima kriptoizira istina s ciljem zaborava, specifiÄnog oblika memoricida, kao jednog od preduslova novog genocida? Ko i zašto „zabranjuje“ da se u udžbenicima naÄ‘u podaci o pravomoćnim presudama koje je donio MeÄ‘unarodni sud za ratne zloÄine u Haagu, Sud za ljudska prava u Strazburu i Sud Bosne i Hercegovine?
Who, how and why “prohibits” institutional education about the genocide against Bosniaks 1992- 1995? Genocide against Bosniaks is an undisputable social and legal fact. Final judgments of international courts and the Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina confirm that most explicitly. Analyzing social and historical causes of the genocide against Bosniaks we become aware of the fact that the causes can be found in social, political, historical, cultural, educational, national and religious substantiality outof-Bosnia social, political and ideological identities. One of the most effective ways to fetishize and represent in a stereotype manner the truth about the Bosniaks and the state of Bosnia and Herzegovina and prepare genocide against Bosniaks is through legal educational policies and curricula. The cultural trap of reconciliation as” a culture of oblivion” was very actively and perfidiously imposed on Bosniaks as well as on all citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The reversal social process is what is necessary; looking after the “culture of memory” as a culture of truth. Only the culture of memory as the culture of objective and historical truth, learned at school is an obstacle in producing stereotypes about the state of Bosnia and Herzegovina, its quintessential national identity. It is not rare that Bosniaks were represented in school readers as the people of “someone else’s religion and origin”. In this paper the following questions are analyzed by the authors: Why is there no institutional and educational study of the Holocaust and genocide and the role of Bosnian intellectual elite, especially Bosniaks in questioning the issues of genocide and why are there no titles, lessons and topics in high schools and university textbooks in Bosnia and Herzegovina which interpret genocide against Bosniaks 1992-1995 and other aspects of war crimes such as ethnic cleansing, systematic rape and other forms of war crimes? The curricula in Germany, SAD and other democratic states inevitably include in their content the truth about the Holocaust which is especially significant for the case of German educational system. Why and for what reason is there no topics on Holocaust and genocide in educational programs in Bosnia and Herzegovina? Is it all about the “hidden curriculum” by which the covered truth is imposed on Bosniaks with the aim of oblivion, as one of the key preconditions of new genocide? Who and why “prohibits” data on final judgments passed by the International Tribunal for war crimes in The Hague, the Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg and the Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina to be found?
U BiH je u periodu 1992-1995. godine izvršen zloÄin genocida nad Bošnjacima. Prekršena je Konvencija o spreÄavanju i kažnjavanju genocida jer je postojala namjera uništenja bošnjaÄkog naroda. Ovu Äinjenicu, mada je potvrdio MeÄ‘unarodni kriviÄni sud za bivšu Jugoslaviju u svojim presudama od 27. 2. 2007. godine te Kongres i Senat SAD-a kao i brojne bošnjaÄke meÄ‘unarodne organizacije iz dijaspore, meÄ‘u živim Bošnjacima, posebice mladima, smisao i težina ovih strašnih dogaÄ‘aja slabo se prepoznaju i nemušno i neartikulirano baštine. Samo dan nakon presude meÄ‘u mladim studentima novinarstva propitala sam kako su doživjeli i kako se osjećaju nakon sramne presude koja je Äin genocida i ulogu agresora Srbije ‘zapravo zamaglila i zataškala’. Njihovi su iskazi gorki, teški, puni bola, jadanja, beznadeža, šoka, tuge. Posebno kod mladih roÄ‘enih u dijelovima Bosne i Hercegovine s kojih su protjerani. –‘JuÄer je svijet pokazao svoje pravo lice’, osnovna je studentska poruka. Osobno sam napisala esej pod naslovom ‘Narod bez prava na genocid’ (Loša nominacija za genocid) izrazivši svu bol, gorÄinu i intelektualni cinizam – sve što mi je u tom trenu ostalo kao mogućnost, jer je gorÄina nepravde lebdjela svuda gdje je bilo ljudskih bića tih dana i sedmica i on je, zaÄudo, dobio laskavu nagradu za najbolji esej na internom konkursu u instituciji u kojoj radim. Kako upravo na mladima svijet ostaje, hitno treba uspostaviti sve moguće i ostvarive naÄine i mehanizme koji će saÄuvati ‘kolektivno i individualno sjećanje’ na genocid. Kroz porodiÄni narativ, škole, fakultete, mas-medije, vjerske manifestacije, znanstvene i istraživaÄke skupove, konferencije, kongrese, kroz Knjigu sjećanja, Knjigu boli i knjige najrazliÄitijih iskaza, svjedoÄenja i faktografije koja je najvažnija, kao i kroz filmove, fotografije, drame, poeziju, romane o genocidu nad Bošnjacima. No, najprije treba uvidjeti gdje smo sada. Ovaj je skup odliÄna prilika za to.
Genocide in Srebrenica as a basis for abolition of The Dayton Peace Agreement Summary: Violation of JUS COGENS norm, according to Article 53 of Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties presents basis for abolition of any international treaty. Article 53 of Vienna Convention applies to contracts that are contrary to a peremptory norm of general international law (“jus cogens”). Consequently each convenction that isat the time of conclusion in conflicts with a peremptory norm of general international law (jus cogens) is considered as void. There are different opinions in terms of what belongs to jus cogens norm, but it is generally accepted that this standard includes prohibition of genocide. Bearing in mind that genocide occurred in Srebrenica in July 1995, before signing of The Dayton Peace Agreement and that the court condemnation from 2007 confirmed that genocide was commited in Srebrenica, it is necessary to point out that from the moment when condemnation was issued, there is alegal basis under which Bosnia and Herzegovina can request from the International Court of Justice to abolish The Dayton Agreement and all its legal implications and reactivate previous status and The Constitution of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina. According to Article 53 Vienna Convention, jus cogens norm is a peremptory norm of general international law. It is standard that is accepted and recognized by international community of States as whole as a norm from which no derogation is permitted and which can be modified only by a subsequent norm of general international law having the same character